Concrete construction.



E. ,SMULSKL f' CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION mso Nov. 12. m5.

1,196,892. 7 4- i Pmntedsept. 5,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Inveuow.-

// 'Y I v Smal/Zaki."

6 f y C E. SMULSKI.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION msn nov. 12. 1915.

1,196,892. Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

-Inveu/ 1 r' Edwardmws,

EDWARD SMULSKI, F BBOOKLIN'E, MASSACHUSETTS.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION. I

Specification of letterslatent.

Application filed November 12, 1915; Serial No. 61,097.

To all whom z'tmay concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD SMULSKI, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brookline, Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in'Concrete Construction, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is

. a specification, like characters on the draw'- ings representing like parts.

This invention relates to concrete structures, and among other objects aims to prou vide a simple and effective reinforcing system therefor.

The character of the invention may be best understood by reference to the following description of illustrative embodiments thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l is a plan of a system of .reinforcing elements embodying the inventlon; Fig. 2 1sl a section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3, on an enlarged scale, lis a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. l; Fig. 3a is a detail to be referred to; Fig. 4 is a plan of a modification comprising a system of' circumferential elements for a floor panel; Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 4; and, Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken on line 12-12 of Fig. 4.

Referring to the drawings, in Figs. l, 2 and 3 are shown columns l of concrete supporting a floor slab 3. Heretofore it has been the practice to provide the columns with large flaring. caps to distribute the support from thecolumns tothe slab. These caps are usually of unsightly appearance, undesirable from an architectural point of View, and require the use of a considerable quantity of concrete. One of the objectsof my invention is to eliminate the necesslty for such caps. To accomplish this means 1s provided for distributing the support from the column to the slab, typified hereln in the form of sets of rods 5 above each column and radiating therefrom. Each of these rods may have a vertical portion 7 adjacent the column, a tension reinforcing pontlon near the upper surface of the slab, and a compression reinforcing portion 9 adjacent the lower surface of the slab. To further contribute to the distribution of the support from the column to the slab and prevent transverse cracks-in the slab, rods 11 may be introduced therein, each in the form of a loop (Fig. 3a), extending around the vertical portions 7 of theradial rods 5 and 1 and arms.

thereby obtaining asecure anchorage there with. As shown here-in these rods extend to the column, but theymay extend across the column if desired.

The group of rods 5 and 11 radiating from the column constitute in effect a head for the column which may be within the slab and distribute the support iof ijle column desirably and'eifectively to .the slab, but without 'unsightly protuberances and with a greatsaving of concrete.

The 'depth of the portion of the slab occupied by the reinforcing rods vdescribedmay vvary as desired. This depth may be the same as the depth of the slab or it may be greater than the depth of the slab, and present an4 outward radial concrete rib or beam 13. Said beain may terminate a short distance from the column .and constitute a bracket or it may extend from one column across thel slab to the adjacent column as is illustrated by the beam 17. To reinforce this beam, rods l9'may be introduced therein having portions intermediate their ends located in the portion of the concrete adjacent the lower edge of the beam, thereby contributing to the tension strength thereof. The ends of these rods may be bent upward as at 21, and looped. about or anchored lto' circumferential rods to be described and thereby tend to p-revent transverse Icracks in the slab.

To contribute tothe strength of the portion of the slab between columns straight rods 23 may be provided in the adjacent the upper surface and some 'adjacent the lower surface thereof and extending transversely of the beam 17. These will desirably strengthen the portion of the slab.

above the beam and distribute the support from the beam toward the central regions of adjacent panels.

' To reinforce the portions ofthe slab adjacent the beams 17 and the arms of the brackets 13 ro 24 may be introduced into the slab adjacent the lower face thereof and extend substantially parallel to said beams The ends of these rods 24 may cross at points closely adjacent to the columns and thus desirably occupy and reinforce areas between the arms of the brackets.

To reinforce the portion of the' concrete slab above the column a series of circumferential rods 25 may be rovided. To strengthen the juncture o the reinforce Patented sepas, 1916.

slab, some j I head with the slab vextend 1n crosslng. and Haring relation transversely to the circular rods 26.

Referring now to Figs..4, 5y and 6, the

- embodiment of the invention there shown between columns a group comprises columns 61 of concrete having circumferential rods or rings 63 above thev same connected by two or more longitudinal rods or stringers 65 extending `from column to column adjacent the lower surface of the slab between them, and having upwardly inclined end portions 67 anchored to the rings The intermediate portions of these rods will strengthen the slab in tension and the inclined portions will prevent cracks occurringat the juncture of the slab with the column head. VThe region of the slab adjacent the stringers 65 may be reinforced by groups of circumferential rods 69 near the -lower surface of the slab and covering'the area between the reinforce heads of the columns. The rods 69 may conveniently rest upon and be supported by said strngers. 'llo'reinforce the centralregion of the slab of circumferential rods 71 may be provided adjacent the lower surface of thevslaband stringers 73l may extend diagonally across the slab and have upwardly bent ends anchoredto the rings 63 referred to. The stringers 73 may stantially be offset or bent slightly at their crossing points and may conveniently support the circumferential rods 7 1.

'lhe portion or the slab above each column mav be provided with a reinforcing head therein of either the rod or beam type as described, the latter being shown herein.

-The groups of circumferential rods surrounding the central group of circumferential rods provide simple and strong units which are distributed in and strengthen subthe entire area of the slab.

It will be noted that the groups of circumferential members are distributed above the columns, .between the columns and in the central region of the slab, and in their overlapping relation reinforce substantially the entire area of the slab. Thus they desirf ably bind and tie the whole construction together and effectively prevent cracking of the `concrete by loads thereon or from expansion and contraction of the concrete produced by temperature changes.

Having described illustrative embodiments of the invention without limiting the same thereto, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The combination of a concrete slab with supporting columns therefor, rings additional circumferincassa 2. The combination of a concrete slab with supporting columns therefor, reinforcing members extending between columns v adjacent the lower surface of the slab and havingv upwardly projecting ends, rings above the columns*v connected to said ends and groups ofcircumferential members adjacent the lower surface of the slab extending transversely bers. A 3. The combination of a concrete slab with supporting columns therefor, reinforcing meanslocated adjacent the lower surface' of the slab in the central region thereof between columns, and groups of circumferential members located adjacent the lower surface of the slab beyond and between the columns and extending into said central region.

4. The combination of a concrete slab with supporting columns therefor, a group of circumferential members located adjacent the lower surface of the slab in the central to said first named memregion thereof between columns, and groups of circumferential members located adjacent the lower surface of the slab, surrounding 'said central group between and beyond the columns and extending into said central region.

5. The combination of a vconcrete slab with supporting columns therefor, rings in the slab above the columns, stringers extending from column to column including stringers extending diagonally across the center of the slab between columns, a group of circumferential members for .reinforcing the center ofthe slab and groups of reinforcing members surrounding said rst named group.

6. The combination of aconcrete slab with supporting columns therefor, reinforcmg means above the columns for distributing the support from the latter to the slab, members extending directly between columns, a group of circumferential members located adjacent the lower surface of the slab in the central region thereof between columns7 and groups of circumferential members located adjacent the lower sur- 4face of the slab beyond and between the columns and extending into said central re on.

The combination ofv a concrete slab with supportin columns therefor andreinforcing means for the slab including rings above the columns, stringers connecting the `rings and groups of circumferential members resting on the stringers.

8. The `combination with a concrete slab of supporting columns therefor, and reinforcing means for said slab including a group ofcircumferential members located adjacent the lower surface of the central region of the slab between the columns, and groups of circumferential members located adjacent theA lower surface Aof thel slab between the columns andoVerlapping said central group.

9. The combination with a concrete slab of'supportingcolumns therefor, and rein-- forcing means for said slab including rein-` forcing means adjacent the upper surface of the slab above the columns, reinforcing means for the central region of the slab, and

groups of circumferential members located' adjacent the'lower surface of the slab between said columns about said central rein-A forcing means.

10. The combination with a concrete slab of supporting columns therefor, and rein-` forcing meansl for said slab-,including circumferential members above the columns adjacent the upper surface of the slab, reinforcing members connected to said circum ferential members and extending between columns directly and diagonally, a group of reinforcing members located adjacent the lower surface of the central region ofthe slab transversely to said diagonal members,

and groups of circumferential members located adjacent the lower surface of the slab between columns and overlapping said central group.

11. The combination'with a concrete slab of supportingV columns therefor, and yreinforcing means for said slab including members 63 above the columns, stringers 65 con-4 necting said members, groups of circumferential members' 69 located adjacent the lower surface of the slab between and be ond said columns and extending transverse y to said stringere, diagonal stringere 73 connected to said members 63, and a group of circumferential members 71 'located adjacent the lower surface 'of the slab in the central region thereolf and extendingtransversely to said diagonal members.

112. The combination with a concrete slab of supporting columns therefor, and reinforcing meansl for said slab including circumferential members 63 located adjacent the upper surface of the slab above the columns, stringers 65 and 73 connected to said circumferentiall members, and groups of circumferential members 69 and 71 located adsal face of the slab above said columns, radial j reinforcing .members located adjacent the upper surface of the slab transversely to the circumferential members above the columns,

and groups of circumferential members located adjacent the lower surface of the slab between columns and overlapping the groups of circumferential members above thebcolumns and in the central region of the s a f 14:. The combination with a concrete slab of supporting columns therefor, and reinforcing means for said slab including groups of'circumferential members 43 adjacent the upper 4surface of the slab above the columns,

groups of circumferential members 69 between columnsv adjacent the. lower surface of '-the slab, and a central group of circumferential members 71 inthe central region and adjacent the lower surface of the slab, said groups being distributed to cover substantially theentire area of the slab.

15. The combination with a concrete slab of supporting columns therefor, and reinl forcing means for said slab including circumferential members 43 located adjacentv the upper surface of the slab above the columns, stringers 65 and'73 between the columns, and groups of circumferential members 69 and 71 adjacent the lower surface of the slab, said groups of circumferential members being distributed to reinforce substantially the entire area of the slab.

Tn testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD sMULsKI'.

vWitnesses: l

EVERETT S. EMERY, LLEWDLLYN RICHARDS. 

